Sonia Sotomayor US Supreme Court Justice

Known for:  the first* Hispanic justice on the United States Supreme CourtDates: June 25, 1954 -Occupation: lawyer, judge Sonia Sotomayor Biography Sonia Sotomayor, raised in poverty, was nominated on May 26, 2009, for the United States Supreme Court by President Barack Obama. After contentious confirmation hearings, Sonia Sotomayor became the first Hispanic Justice and third woman to serve on the U.S. Supreme Court. Sonia Sotomayor was raised in the Bronx in a housing project. Her parents were born in Puerto Rico and came to New York during World War II. Childhood Sonia Sotomayor was diagnosed with juvenile diabetes (Type I) when she was 8. She spoke mostly Spanish until the death of her father, a tool and die maker, when she was 9. Her mother, Celina, worked for a methadone clinic as a nurse, and sent her two children, Juan (now a physician) and Sonia, to private Catholic schools. College Sonia Sotomayor excelled in school and finished her undergraduate study at Princeton with honors including membership in Phi Beta Kappa and the M. Taylor Pyne Prize, the highest honor given to undergraduates at Princeton. She earned a law degree from Yale Law School in 1979. At Yale, she had the distinction of being the editor in 1979 of the Yale University Law Review and managing editor of the Yale Studies in World Public Order. Prosecutor and Private Practice She served as a prosecutor in New York County District Attorneys Office from 1979 to 1984, an assistant to Manhattan District Attorney Robert Morgentha. Sotomayor was in private practice in New York City from 1984 to 1992 as an associate and partner at Pavia and Harcourt in New York City. Federal Judge Sonia Sotomayor was nominated by George H. W. Bush on November 27, 1991, to serve as a federal judge, and she was confirmed by the Senate on August 11 of 1992. She was nominated on June 25, 1997, for a seat on the U.S. Court of Appeals, Second Circuit, by President William J. Clinton, and was confirmed by the Senate on October 2, 1998, after a long delay by Senate Republicans. President Barack Obama nominated her as a justice on the United States Supreme Court in May 2009, for the seat held by Justice David Souter. She was confirmed by the Senate in August, 2009, after strong criticism from Republicans, especially focused around her statement from about 2001 that I would hope that a wise Latina woman with the richness of her experiences would more often than not reach a better conclusion than a white male who hasnt lived that life. Other Legal Work Sonia Sotomayor has also served as an adjunct professor at the NYU School of Law, 1998 to 2007, and a lecturer at Columbia Law School beginning in 1999. Sonia Sotomayors legal practice included general civil litigation, trademark, and copyright. Education Cardinal Spellman High School, Bronx, NYPrinceton University, B.A. 1976, summa cum laude; Phi Beta Kappa, M. Taylor Pyne PrizeYale Law School, J.D. 1979Yale Law School, L.L.D. 1999, Family Father: (tool and die maker, died when she was nine)Mother: Celina (nurse at a methadone clinic)Brother: Juan, a physicianhusband: Kevin Edward Noonan (married Aug. 14, 1976, divorced 1983) Organizations: American Bar Association, Association of Hispanic Judges, Hispanic Bar Association, New York Womens Bar Association, American Philosophical Society *Note: Benjamin Cardozo, Associate Justice of the Supreme Court from 1932 to 1938, was of Portuguese (Sephardic Jewish) descent, but did not identify with Hispanic culture in the current sense of that term. His ancestors were in America before the American  Revolution  and had left Portugal during the Inquisition. Emma Lazarus, the poet, was his cousin.

A Clean, Well-Lighted Place Essay - 1482 Words

â€Å" A Clean, Well-Lighted Place† by Ernest Hemingway is a simplistic short story in which he narrates a scene in a Cafe, where the main characters are two waiters and an old man. In the story, Hemingway hardly created a background for his characters, but this was part of his minimalist writing style. He wanted to create a story that was straightforward to the reader, and in which the reader could easily understand his attitude. His purpose for writing the story was to expose his feelings on society, politics, and the individual at the time. These feelings could be characterized by three main words: desperation, disillusionment, and loneliness. Through all of the characters in his story, the reader was able to obtain one of these feelings.†¦show more content†¦For example, in the original story Hemingway uses the waiters to indirectly give some background on the old man by creating dialogue between them such as, He was in despair., or Hes drunk every night., but th ere is no more depth to his character, just inferences made by the waiters (Hemingway 201-202). In my story the old man explains why he is in despair: â€Å"All my life I spent wasting my money in pleasure and luxury. I never had anyone teach me the value of it. I never learned to look beyond the material lifestyle, and never learned the meaning of love† (Mesa 1). By the old man explaining this, the reader can relate more to him. In my scene I also assure the reader that the rumor about the old man trying to commit suicide is true, and create an explanation for the attempt. While in the original story, the waiters only have comments from what they have heard from other people such as, Last week he tried to commit suicide, and He hung himself with a rope in my scene the old man himself explains what really happened (Hemingway 201-202). He states: Last week I tried to hang myself in the basement of my house, but my niece got just in time to cut me off and save me. No one unde rstands why I did it. Since I have money, they must think I am a lunatic for trying to kill myself, that I must have a wonderful life and I do not appreciate it, but what they do not understand isShow MoreRelatedA Clean Well Lighted Place1202 Words   |  5 PagesCameron Craig Craig 1 Lancaster English 1302.68 25 March 2015 â€Å"A Clean Well-Lighted Place† In â€Å"A Clean, Well-Lighted Place†, Hemingway uses themes of depression and life as nothingness by using symbols, and imagery. Two waiters in a Spanish cafà © are waiting late one night for their last customer to leave. As they wait, they talk about the old, deaf man sitting at the bar. It is revealed that he has recently attempted suicide. The younger waiter in the cafà © is very agitated and wantsRead MoreA Clean Well Lighted Place1545 Words   |  7 PagesErnest Miller Hemingway, in 1933 transcribed a story called A Clean Well-Lighted Place in a Spanish Cafà ©. Ernest focused on two waiters and a patron that frequents the cafà © nightly. One late night this the same old man was getting drunk as usual, and wasn’t ready to leave. The young waiter was getting upset, because he wanted him to leave because he was ready to go home. The older waiter was telling him, to calm down it isn’t that serious, we have to wait until the last customer goes home. Re ad MoreA Clean, Well Lighted Place895 Words   |  4 Pages A clean, well-lighted place may be needed more by some than others on dark, lonely nights. The clean, well-lighted cafà © in Hemingway’s â€Å"A Clean, Well-Lighted Place† represents a safe place in which one can escape their troubles and loneliness that lurk in night’s darkness. In the story the characters of the older waiter and younger waiter differ substantially. They debate over the old man’s being in the cafà ©, which is an over-stayed visit to the younger waiter. The younger waiter longed for theRead MoreA Clean Well Lighted Place1886 Words   |  8 PagesFocalization of the Narrator in Ernest Hemmingway’s A Clean-Well-Lighted Place Written by the author Ernest Hemmingway, the notable short story A Clean-Well-Lighted Place conveys the experiences of three central characters by depicting the lenses through which they observe, and reflect upon their personal lives within a storyworld setting, that looks like the real world. The story portrays a late night situation in a cafà © at the hour of half-past two in the morning, within the country of Spain. TheRead MoreA Clean Well Lighted Place Analysis815 Words   |  4 PagesErnest Hemingway did not write a happy, inspiring story. His story â€Å"A Clean, Well-Lighted Place† uses a famous code of behavior to dictate what his characters say and how they act. The story is depressing, dreary, and distressing but it gets the philosophical premises across. He demonstrates to not make trouble for other people, to contain one’s despair and self-pity by sheer will power, and to not judge others and view the unenlightened with pity. Hemingway uses his story to propose that peopleRead MoreA Clean, Well-Lighted Place Essay1138 Words   |  5 Pagesforever. While all the somethings are dying and fading, nothing is still there. Sure, one can search for meaning and think happy thoughts, but throughout the struggle everyone is alone and slowly spiraling down the path to despair. In â€Å"A Clean, Well-Lighted Place,† Hemingway uses the concept of nada, characterization, and the setting to emphasize the idea of human life being full of nothing. To understand the story, one must understand that nothing is actually something (Benson 24). HemingwayRead MoreA Clean Well-Lighted Place 11111 Words   |  5 PagesA Clean Well-Lighted Place In the short story â€Å"A Clean Well-lighted Place† by Ernest Hemingway the setting is very important. The story takes place in a Spanish speaking country in a cafà ©, but more so than the actual place the time is what makes the setting so crucial to the story. The story takes place at night Hemingway uses this in contrast to the well-lighted cafe with its artificial light. The contrast between dark and light is the main idea of the story and it is best expressed through theRead MoreEssay on A clean well-lighted Place521 Words   |  3 Pages nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Hemingways short story, quot;A Clean Well-lighted Placequot;, takes place at a cafe very late at night. Two waiters are watching their last, lingering customer, an old man, who is by now very drunk. The younger waiters impatience and the older waiters understanding toward the old man carry out the theme of the story: quot;It [life] was all a nothing and a man was a nothing too.quot;(114) Man must consequently find something to distract himself from his horribleRead MoreA Clean Well Lighted Place Analysis986 Words   |  4 PagesShort stories put forth a desire. A need for more information from the reader to help them further understand the story from what little information they do receive. In a short story, written by Ernest Hemingway, A Clean, Well-Lighted Place, tells the life of an elder man who spends his nights in the light. The unusual setting, the use of diction and the dialogue, creates that short story desire from the reader. It is the elder man’s quiet presence in the story, that allowed Hemingway to set theRead More A Clean Well-Lighted Place Essay1680 Words   |  7 PagesA Clean Well-Lighted Place A Clean, Well-Lighted Place by Ernest Hemingway looks at age from the viewpoint of an inexperienced and experienced individual, with the aid of an old man to emphasize the difference between the two. This story takes place late one night in a caf. The caf is clean, pleasant, and well lighted, which brings some kind of comfort to the atmosphere. Here in the caf sits a deaf, lonely, older man, who although is deaf can feel the difference that the night brings to the

State or Federal Government Youth Policy Free-Samples for Students

Question: Critique a Particular State or Federal Government Youth Policy. Answer: Introduction This report has been designed to provide a better understanding of youth policy in Australia. A critical evaluation of the Federal government of Australia has been made regarding designing of youth policy. Adolescence is an imperative life period in human maturity. It includes a wide age range, with young people developing as children and moving through youth on their way to become free adults. It is a important period of developmentphysically, psychologically, mentally and socially. The report articulates the connection between government policy and a just society for youngsters. Also, the policy suggesting principles that should underpin government adolescence guidelines have been identified and analyzed. Our Youth-Our Future According to 2010 National Strategy for Young Australians, youths are those people who fall under the age group 12-24 years. For certain measurements, Youth has been divided into categories. For instance, the economic productivity of youth is considered in two groups which are, 15-19, and 20-24 years (Scarino, 2014). In this view, the Western government of Australia has made a commitment to the youth, named Our Youth-Our Future. This framework has been designed to direct youth programs and service planning in an integrated manner into the future. 'Our YouthOur Future' covers all the prevailing strategic approaches to provide services and programs to all the young people of the society. This framework attempts to create opportunities for youngsters and provide support in attaining their goals by developing their potential (Woodman, and Wyn, 2013). Moreover, it commits to recognize and value al the youth having diverse needs and ambitions. The youths are respected, who face tough challenges and undergone complex experiences to make their dream into reality. Link between government policy and a just society for young people in Australia The Australian government designed a National Volunteering Strategy for marking the tenth anniversary of the United Nations International Years of Volunteers. This government policy articulated the commitment made by the government in promoting wider involvement of youngsters in achieving the benefits for the individuals, local communities, and for the entire country (McGorry et al., 2013). An extensive effort was followed for developing a federal policy in Australia for the effective growth and development of the youth. However, over the past one year, the landscape of the nations federal policy has undergone through various changes due to the reallocation of subsides from the institutions, which openly or circuitously support youth volunteering. The goal of the youth policies and programs implemented by the Australian federal government is to make youngsters able to participate and volunteering in social life. This has been witnessed by the major growth in the number of youngsters, social agencies, and schools in the program from 2004 to 2007. This improvement in the involvement of youths in schools and educational corridors has led to the advanced and a just society (Osborne et al., 2017). The youth policies also aim to promote the skills and abilities of youths through learning activities which are not only enjoyable, and age-appropriate, but also challenging. The federal government of Australia wants to create a strong and valuable relationship among the youngsters, adults, and the whole society by making them working together and contribute in making a just society. In this view, community recognition has been noticed; a supportive and responsive team has been developed, and has celebrated the success of the policies and programs. Moreover, youth policies have resulted in numerous surprising changes in the youths of the country. These changes include enhanced confidence level, skills to handle problems connected with disability, increased understanding of diversity, improved leadership ability to accept new challenges (Phillips et al., 2016). However, the social entities, and other kinds of social improvement are unable to describe the different ways in which the youngsters of Australia do volunteering. Also, a number of youths are not familiar with the term volunteer, but according to the researchers, if these youths are asked, they will definitely participate in volunteering activities. They are also likely to develop a more optimistic perception regarding volunteering. It is driven by the top-down approach influenced by the policies at the level of institutions such as schools. Although there are several arguments over the benefits and effects of directive services like service learning but it does not seem s to be a powerful strategy for making youngsters to familiar with volunteering (Denny, and Churchill, 2016). The National Youth Strategy of Australia aims to have a happy, healthy, and safe youth and to generate equal opportunities and skills to make them learn, work, grow, and involve in social life and decisions that directly or indirectly affect them. Another commitment made by the federal government of Australia, along with the state and territory government, is the Compact with Youth Australians 2009. This aimed to educate and train youths under age twenty five. The prior condition for getting government benefits such as Youth Allowance or the Family Tax Benefit, the policy attempts to increase the qualification level of the individuals and retention rates through initiatives like National Youth Participation Requirement. Social and political theory and value framework that underpin or drive a current government policy In Australia, there is an effective body of frameworks involving social and political practices in making youngsters to participate in volunteering. Although there are a number of examples of volunteering structures which are diverse and typical. However, there is a lack of evidence informing about the best practice among all. On the basis of available evidences, four elements can be observed (Haynes, 2016). These are youth willingness of organizations which work among youth volunteers, the requirement for methods to be appropriate to context and socially complete the requirement for methods to generate useful opportunities for the youngsters, and to build effective measurements of success. According to the latest Australian report, voluntary institutes are required to be flexible in their expectations from youngsters. Since todays modern youths are bounded by many other commitments also, therefore they should be made to recognize positively the value of their contributions. Also, the interests and encouragements of youngsters have also been identified by the report via voluntary institution. The organizations are urged to utilize youngsters networks to reach them effectively. These networks commonly include online platforms and high education providers. In this regard, the most effective way to motivate more youths to volunteer, youth ambassador program has been launched (Allison et al., 2016). In order to obtain meaningful contributions, the aspirations of the youngsters are aligned with the needs of the institutions. In order to fulfill this purpose, the organizations are called by the government for monitoring the youths satisfaction level, and encourage their belonging by giving them title except volunteer. The title should provide a sense of ownership and ability to communicate with the institution in official as well as casual manner, such as board or social membership (Dean, 2016). The Commonwealth Secretariat launched national Commonwealth frameworks in Australia, in order to make the youths socially, politically, and economic powerful. Secretariat work included advocating for investment in youth ministries and programs. It also provided technical support for the development of policies and allowing atmospheres for the youngsters (Hall et al., 2016). Moreover, it promoted and shared directions and means for youth advancement and growth by introducing the first Youth Development Index in the world. Sri Lanka and Pakistan contributed additional budgetary resources under this new strategy for the Commonwealth Youth Council (CYC). While India and England funded for the Sport for Development and Peace mandate, Australia contributed funds for the implementation of youth projects. Moreover, Commonwealth Secretariat introduced the first global Youth Development Index (YDI), in 2013. It was helpful in tracking the level of development in youngsters throughout 170 nations. However, an expansion plan is still in progress, which will cover development of a methodology and toolkit to assist member governments for creating on the international YDI and to create national and sub-national level YDIs (Cumming, and Goldstein, 2016). The Secretariat and UN agencies became partners in June, 2014 and held a meeting with international experts on indicating youngsters and monitoring their Sustainable Development Goals. Considering that, the Commonwealth Secretariat collaborated with the UN Department of Economic and Social Affairs and organized a technical workshop for social policy and development. It was made on the evidence-based policies for Youth Development in Sub-Saharan Africa in Nairobi, and Kenya (Evers et al., 2013). The main aim of this workshop was to improve the capacity of the participants from government ministries, public institutions, and civil society by designing and executing evidence-based policies on youngsters using quantitative methods. In February, 2015, Africa Region Commonwealth Youth Ministers Meeting was called by the Secretariat, to urge senior officials and youngsters to work together for fulfilling their commitments and establish an atmosphere to allow youths to recognize and enhance their social, economic and political potential. Policy suggesting principles that should drive government youth policy The best policy suggesting principles in Australia state that any decision regarding youth policy should take into account the safety of youngsters from any sort of physic al or mental harm. The rights of the youngsters should also be protected and promoted for an effective youth development (Vromen et al., 2016). For this purpose, improvement in family relations should also be considered to provide greatest possible support to the family also, and in respect to Aboriginal child for motivating and safeguarding the cultural and spiritual existence and value and their value in the society. In this context, the government should also consider ethical codes of conducts while making youth policies across Australia (Wright, and McLeod, 2015). There are basically fourteen major principles that should drive or underpin the policy. These are as follows: Primary Client / Consideration Social Context / biological and Structural Influences Fairness, Non-Discrimination Anti-Oppressive Practice Self-Awareness Empowerment Duty of Care Precision Anti-Corruption Collaboration Limitations Information Self-Care Privacy Professional Awareness / Integrity These principles serve internationally as a strong indication of the common link that runs around the values and ethics foundation of Youth Work practice in Australia, and also throughout the globe. The Australian government should rely on the advisory committee structures, and traditional approaches should be utilized by well resourced youngsters who are the countrys future leaders within their societies. The procedure should cover all the highest achieving youngsters (Burns, and Birrell, 2014). Also, the federal government is required to identify relevant and expertise form of involvement for engaging refugees and migrant youths. The researchers also critique the prevalence of the youth development approach in the current youth participation programs with different youngsters. The aboriginal youngsters are at the verge of risk as they are treated very poorly in the country (Farrugia, 2014). The federal government should make policy to treat them equally and make agency over decisio n-making in their own lives. Moreover, Australia has a number of young people who belong from different backgrounds. The youth policy should target them and their participation type principles should drive participation strategies with other youngsters. The youth policy made by considering welfare of refugee and disadvantaged young people make them more empowered and independent (Hildebrand et al 2013). The youth development approach is different from the youth involvement approach as the former focuses more on prerequisite principles of equality and justice which ultimately becomes the basis for the effective youth development in the country. Conclusion From the above discussion, it can be concluded that in Australia, investing in youth is necessary to train Australia and its youth for the challenges of the future. Providing young Australians with the support they need to succeed is part of governing in the long-term national interest. The youth policies and strategies are a vital part of providing a youth viewpoint on the Governments broader program for building a stronger, just and healthier Australia. When it comes to participation, the youngsters should be cleared that their need lies in the school and work, not in politics. The government should develop a healthy youth policy to get engaged with young leaders of the future. References Allison, S., Bastiampillai, T. and Goldney, R., (2016) Australias national youth mental health initiative: Is headspace underachieving?.Australian and New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry,50(2), pp.111-112. Burns, J. and Birrell, E., (2014) Enhancing early engagement with mental health services by young people.Psychology research and behavior management,7, p.303. Cumming, J. and Goldstein, H., (2016) Handling attrition and non-response in longitudinal data with an application to a study of Australian youth.Longitudinal and Life Course Studies,7(1), pp.53-63. Dean, J., (2016) Class diversity and youth volunteering in the United Kingdom: Applying Bourdieus habitus and cultural capital.Nonprofit and Voluntary Sector Quarterly,45(1_suppl), pp.95S-113S. Denny, L. and Churchill, B., (2016) Youth employment in Australia: A comparative analysis of labour force participation by age group.Journal of Applied Youth Studies,1(2), p.5. Evers, C.W., Albury, K., Byron, P. and Crawford, K., (2013) Young people, social media, social network sites and sexual health communication in Australia:" This is funny, you should watch it".International Journal of Communication,7, p.18. Farrugia, D., (2014) Towards a spatialised youth sociology: The rural and the urban in times of change.Journal of Youth Studies,17(3), pp.293-307. Hall, W.D., Patton, G., Stockings, E., Weier, M., Lynskey, M., Morley, K.I. and Degenhardt, L., (2016) Why young people's substance use matters for global health.The Lancet Psychiatry,3(3), pp.265-279. Haynes, A., (2016) A reflection on policy and program changes in youth education.Fine Print,39(1), p.30. Hildebrand, J., Maycock, B., Howat, P., Burns, S., Allsop, S., Dhaliwal, S. and Lobo, R., (2013) Investigation of alcohol-related social norms among youth aged 1417 years in Perth, Western Australia: protocol for a respondent-driven sampling study.BMJ open,3(10), p.e003870. McGorry, P., Bates, T. and Birchwood, M., (2013) 'Designing youth mental health services for the 21st century: examples from Australia, Ireland and the UK.The British Journal of Psychiatry,202(s54), pp.s30-s35. Osborne, C., Baldwin, C., Thomsen, D. and Woolcock, G., (2017) The unheard voices of youth in urban planning: using social capital as a theoretical lens in Sunshine Coast, Australia.Children's Geographies,15(3), pp.349-361. Phillips, C., Fisher, M., Baum, F., MacDougall, C., Newman, L. and McDermott, D., (2016) To what extent do Australian child and youth health policies address the social determinants of health and health equity?: a document analysis study.BMC public health,16(1), p.512. Scarino, A., (2014) 'Situating the challenges in current languages education policy in Australiaunlearning monolingualism.International Journal of Multilingualism,11(3), pp.289-306. Vromen, A., Loader, B.D., Xenos, M.A. and Bailo, F., (2016) Everyday making through Facebook engagement: young citizens political interactions in Australia, the United Kingdom and the United States.Political Studies,64(3), pp.513-533. Woodman, D. and Wyn, J., (2013) Youth policy and generations: Why youth policy needs to rethink youth.Social policy and Society,12(02), pp.265-275. Wright, K. and McLeod, J., (2015) Rethinking Youth Wellbeing.Critical Perspectives,1, pp.1-57.

The Sky Is Gray--A Review Essays - , Term Papers

The Sky Is Gray--A Review The story The Sky is Gray was a very interesting and somewhat sad story for me to read. I was very interseted in James and his plight as a young colored boy in the south. I was very impressed with the courage and fortitude in young James. He tried his best to act like an example for his younger siblings. He thought that he was the role model and he acted like it. James never cried in front of his younger brother, and he never did shed a tear. Also, I was sadened by the familys economical status. They could barely afford the journey to town let alone having a dentist remove a tooth. Nevertheless, James mother found a way and off they went. The mother seemed to be a very proud and hard-working person, as she would not accept any hand-outs or help of any sort. I wasnt exactly sure of the significance of the book-reading character in the dentist office. He was an educated person, and so I thouhgt he would have enough wealth to go the other better dentist in town. [emailprotected] English Essays